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7 Stages in Loan Origination process
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The first and most crucial phase of lending and financial services is known as the Loan Origination process. This stage plays a vital role in determining the success of the entire loan servicing cycle.
As the finance industry increasingly focuses on customer engagement and satisfaction, the design and delivery of services that meet customer expectations have become paramount.
Interestingly, the term "loan origination" means different things to different lenders. Each lender may define its start and end points, as well as the various stages within the process, differently. Some rely on manual processes, while others have embraced automation.
This uniqueness in approach is what gives each lender a competitive edge. A Loan Origination System (LOS) handles everything from pre-qualification to the final approval of funding.
The lending industry is undergoing a major transformation, with borrowers now expecting loans to be processed swiftly—sometimes with just a tap.
This level of speed and efficiency is simply not possible with traditional, manual software that relies on time-consuming workflows. Manual intervention at multiple stages not only increases operational costs but also heightens the risk of errors and fraud.
The good news is that technology has advanced to a point where it can significantly reduce human errors and fraud, while simultaneously enabling the creation of robust, high-performing automated systems that can process loans in minutes at a fraction of the cost.
Organizations that adopt such technology will not only thrive but dominate, thanks to their low-cost, highly efficient operations and superior customer service.
Key Stages in the Loan Origination Process
1) Pre-Qualification Process
The first step in the loan origination process is pre-qualification. During this stage, potential borrowers are provided with a list of documents they need to submit. These typically include:
• ID/Address Proof: Voter ID, Aadhaar, PAN Card
• Employment Information, including salary slips
• Credit Score
• Bank Statements and Previous Loan Statements
Once these documents are submitted, the lender reviews them, and a pre-approval is granted, allowing the borrower to move forward in the loan process.
2) Loan Application
The next stage involves the completion of the loan application. While this used to be paper based, many lenders are now shifting towards electronic forms, making the process paperless. New technologies allow borrowers to fill out applications online, tailored to specific loan products, through websites or mobile apps.
3) Application Processing
Once the application is submitted, it is reviewed by the credit department for accuracy, completeness, and authenticity. Incomplete applications are returned for additional information.
A good Loan Origination System (LOS) automates this process, flagging incomplete files, notifying departments, and ensuring the application is reworked if necessary.
4) Underwriting Process
When an application is complete, the underwriting process begins. This involves checking a variety of factors, such as credit score and risk. Lenders often use their own proprietary scoring models.
Today, this process is largely automated through rule engines and integrations with credit scoring agencies like CIBIL and Experian, making the process faster and more accurate.
5) Credit Decision
Based on the results of the underwriting process, a credit decision is made. Applications may be approved, denied, or sent back for further information.
In some cases, automatic adjustments may be made to loan amounts or interest rates based on predefined criteria.
6) Quality Check
Before funding, the application goes through a quality check to ensure compliance with both internal policies and external regulations.
This is a critical step in ensuring that the loan process adheres to all legal requirements.
7) Loan Funding
Once all necessary documents are signed, the loan is funded.
Some loan types, like business loans or mortgages, may require additional time for legal and compliance checks, but a good LOS can track the entire process and ensure all documents are in order before funding.
Choosing the Right Loan Origination System
To find a Loan Origination Software that checks all the boxes, keep the following considerations in mind:
• Simplified Customer Onboarding:
In a mobile-first world, the software must streamline the customer journey, offering features like OTP-based eKYC, e-signature, e-mandates, and e-stamping.
• Omnichannel Customer Engagement:
A synchronized omnichannel approach will improve brand recall and help convert leads into customers more effectively.
• Code-Free Installation:
The software should be easy to install without requiring coding expertise, minimizing the need for elaborate training.
• Automation of Manual Efforts:
Opt for software that automates pre-lending tasks like credit history analysis and collateral management, making the documentation process paperless.
• Seamless Third-Party Integrations:
The software should easily integrate with third-party applications to create a streamlined workflow at minimal cost.
• Customization:
Ensure the software can be customized to meet the unique needs of your organization.
• Accelerated Customer Acquisition:
A good LOS should allow multiple lead generation channels to work in harmony, speeding up loan processing and communication.
• Integrated CRM:
An in-built CRM will improve communication with customers, automate reminders, and provide overall better customer experience.
• Streamlined Workflows:
The software should automatically manage workflows, allowing teams to act on leads in a timely manner.
• Automated Credit Risk Analysis:
The software should run thorough background checks on borrowers, highlighting any potential risks before lending.
• Deviations Management:
The LOS must detect potential frauds and take appropriate actions in case of deviations from expected parameters.
• Full-Suite Solution:
t’s wise to choose software that handles the entire lending cycle, from loan origination to recovery and reporting, so you can manage all operations from one platform.
Disover how AllCloud Loan Origination System can help you enhance customer experiences and enable loans to be processed in under 5 minutes.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is a loan origination system?
A Mortgage Loan Origination System (LOS) is nothing but a framework that accepts a finished loan application and manages the loan transaction from start to finish. To reduce risk and improve loan production quality, LOS systems can include elements such as records management, compliance tools, and pricing and eligibility engines. When doing so, it further integrates with several other systems such as CRM, document production, POS, compliance, third-party vendors, etc.
Thus, to briefly understand LOS, you can say that Loan origination is the procedure through which an individual who is the borrower applies for a mortgage, and a lender either approves or denies this application. The origination procedure involves all steps from application to financing disbursement or rejection of the application.
The loan origination system is essentially the system that is used for automating and regulating the processes of loan application and disbursal.
It is typically time-consuming and labor-intensive. Loan origination typically takes somewhere around 35 and 40 days. Nonetheless, it is becoming easier and quicker with the increased use of automated systems.
2. What are LOS and LMS in Banking?
Banks and lending agencies are diversifying their financial funds to include lending services and provisions that can be tailored to the specific borrower. This is solely being done in response to the ever-increasing forms in which companies and consumers attempt to borrow funds for specialized products. However, these institutions are running into potential barriers with their present loaning technology.
The loan management system (LMS) and the Legacy loan origination system (LOS) software are designed to accommodate specific use cases. They moreover aid loan origination and regulation through stringent processes built to assist traditional lending practices.
When lending institutions try to work with unusual borrowers searching for specialized funds, or perhaps even vendors that make use of a direct-to-consumer framework that doesn't cleanly verify the criteria required in conventional LOS, the technology becomes a setback.
The solution to address these flaws is to integrate such LOS and LMS solutions with an automation solution capable of seamlessly incorporating business requirements and decision-making software into these workloads.
3. What is the LOS system?
In the past few years, loan origination systems (LOS) are becoming a common banking catchword among banks and credit unions. Nevertheless, the word LOS can mean different things to different bankers.
A LOS is recognized as a collection of software solutions services that optimize commercial mortgage origination frameworks at a financial institution in regard to the workflow. Additionally, many people also regard it as a fantastic tool that promotes growth and a better borrower experience. One might argue that it is simply a buzzword.
However, as the loaning landscape becomes more dynamic and the mortgage processes become more infuriating and time-consuming, it's critical to understand what exactly a loan origination system really is. It's also essential to comprehend how a LOS can assist your respective bank and credit union.
A loan origination system (LOS) can be recognized as a system that streamlines and handles the entire loan procedure, from assessment of the application to insurance, authorization, supporting documents, pricing, financing, and management. While all these stages may differ from one organization to the next, every other bank and credit union follows a similar procedure to authorize mortgages and preserve a loaning relationship.
4. What does origination mean?
The procedure through which a respective borrower applies for a personal mortgage and a lender further processes this application is known as loan origination. In a nutshell, Origination typically refers to all the primary steps that occur between the receipt of a mortgage application and the release or decline of funds. Mortgage loans have a distinct loan origination method.
Mortgage servicing includes everything starting from the finances being disbursed to the loan being approved. Loan origination is a subset of opening a new account for financial institutions. Mortgage lenders and other mortgage service companies are good examples of mortgage origination.
You can find numerous types of loans. The steps involved in mortgage origination differ depending on the type of loan, different kinds of mortgage risks, controller, lender policy, and so on.
5. What is the difference between origination and underwriting
The very method of acquiring a loan is known as loan origination. It begins with the first stage- pre-qualification and concludes with the last step- loan approval or rejection. Determining the eligibility, figuring out the mortgage amount you wish to borrow, calculating the rate of interest on the mortgage, evaluating credit risk, making informed credit decisions, underwriting, and so on are the most pivotal steps. Financial institutions, banks, credit unions, and other mortgage companies are among the banking firms that originate loans.
On the other hand, underwriting can be recognized as the process through which your mortgage company authenticates your revenue, assets, loans, and property information before finalizing your mortgage application.
Although underwriting occurs behind the scenes, you will be involved. Your lender may demand extra documents as well as answers, including the source of your liquid funds, or you may be required to provide evidence of additional assets.
The underwriter assists the financial institution in determining whether or not you would receive loan approval and further works with you to ensure that all required paperwork is submitted. Finally, the underwriter will make certain that you do not close on a loan that you cannot afford. Unless you do qualify, the mortgage underwriter has the authority to deny your loan.
6. What is the loan cycle?
A loan cycle refers to the time span between when a borrower appears to apply for a mortgage and when it is paid back to the lender along with interest. The average loan cycle includes six stages. These are:
- Pre-loan calculations: The borrower can start the process of loan application only after a set of calculations is completed.
- Research: As electronic lending has expanded its market presence, borrowers have complete access to knowledgeable data about a wide range of financial product lines.
- Application: While this step appears to be straightforward, providing inaccurate information on crucial documents could prolong your loan request by extended periods of time.
- Document verification: Each financial firm has its own multi-layered verification system, and timeframes for the same can range from a week to about 15 days.
- Loan Approval and Disbursement: This process takes place after the verification of your documents.
- Loan Repayment and Loan Closure: Borrowers must make sure to pay their Instalments on time or avoid risking having their credit score negatively impacted.
7. How do banks process loan applications?
Personal loans are easier to obtain than home loans or other property loans. The primary steps that are involved in processing loan applications include-
- When your chosen bank receives a mortgage application, it will gather the data you offer and compare it with the data they have on file, including your bank balance, financial assets, salary, EMIs debited from your bank statement, and so on.
- Your identification and address information will be cross-checked and confirmed by the bank using your KYC documents. Financial institutions may visit you to verify your address and inquire about your office's employment period.
- Further, A copy of your salary paystubs or income tax return will assist the bank in determining your repayment ability. This will thus help you determine how much loan money the bank is ready to give you.
- Several banks may use your CIBIL score to determine your creditworthiness. The greater your CIBIL score, the better your probability of loan approval.
- The financial institution will also consider your age, remaining employment period, future salary growth, and so on to determine how much mortgage you should receive.
8. What is the difference between LOS and POS?
For lenders, a LOS is recognized as the system of record. LOS systems existed way before POS systems came into the picture, with the main objective of doing all of the legwork in the back end.
These systems deal with elements such as.
- The ability of financial institutions to process a loan.
- Assisting lenders in keeping up with changing regulations from the customer to the shareholder.
- Designed to last the entire loan life cycle.
POS is nothing but a Digital loan Application for borrowers: A Loan Point-of-Sale is a modern way to ensure that lenders take a complete application, from beginning to end, digitally.
It adheres to the Loan Officer. Rather than handling manual administrative duties, a Mortgage POS allows lenders to intensely on the borrower.
It is also for the Processor: Mortgage POS enables processors to organize and process files more quickly, allowing them to handle loans more quickly and efficiently. It also aids in the reduction of human error. POS enables the Realtor to interact with both the mortgage lender as well as the borrower.
